Carbureting device



July 24, 1934. w, w JACKMAN 1,967,711

CARBURETING- DEVICE Filed March 27. 1930 ZSheetS-Sheet 1 smut am s ll CARBURETING DEVICE Filed March 27, 1930 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Rel level r, II/ x I! 5 82 s,

: I I 1111mm I Y I Fae! l oqnmgn I E n 5 Patented July 24, 19354 STATES PATENT OFFICE CARBURETIN G DEVICE Application March 27, 1930, Serial No. 439,394

9 Claims.

This invention relates to carbureting devices and more particularly to improvements in carburetors for use in supplying fuel mixtures for internal combustion engines.

The invention contemplates the provision of a simple and improved means for delivering an increment of fuel to an internal combustion engine with each movement of the engine throttle.

The invention further embraces the combination of a carbureting device embodying a pumping means for delivering on sudden opening of the engine throttle, an increase of fuel in addition to the fuel ordinarily delivered by the carburetor to the engine under ordinary operating conditions.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of an accelerating pump in combination with a gravity operated means for producing a positive, yet gradual, flow of fuel irrespective of the rapidity with which the throttle is operated.

Further objects and advantages are within the scope of this invention such as relate to the arrangement, operation and function of the related elements of the structure, to various details of construction and to combinations of parts, elements per se, and to economies of manufacture and numerous other features as will be apparent from a consideration of the specification and drawing of a form of the invention, which may be preferred, in which Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view showing the general arrangement of elements of a carburetor embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the carburetor shown in Figure 1 with certain portions removed;

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail sectional view through a portion of the carburetor taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 44 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary detail sectional view of a portion of Figure 4 showing a modified valve arrangement;

Figure 6 is an expanded detail sectional view illustrating diagrammatically one form of the invention showing the elements as they would appear in single plane.

I have illustrated my invention as embodied in 50 a carburetor for use in providing a fuel mixture for an internal combustion engine, but it is to be understood that I contemplate the use of my invention in such devices as, for example, primers and the like wherever the same may be found to 55 be applicable.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the carburetor comprises a mixing passage 10 having an air-inlet pipe 11 and mixture outlet 12. The mixture outlet 12 is provided with a throttle valve 15 of the so-called butterfly type for regulating the flow of the mixture. The carburetor is provided with a fuel chamber or bowl 16 within which is positioned a float 18 connected by means of an arm or lever 19 to a needle valve 21, the pointed end of the valve projecting into and adapted to close a fuel inlet opening 22 of a fuel passage communicating with a fuel supply (not shown). As long as there is no fuel in the chamber 16, the valve pin 21 will be held in its i uppermost position by the weight of the float 18 70 in which position fuel may flow into the chamber 16 through the opening 22 until the float 18 is elevated or raised sufficiently to cause the valve pin 21 to close the opening 22 cutting ofi the fuel supply.

The liquid fuel is conveyed from the float chamber 16 through passage 25 into a chamber 26 positioned immediately beneath the main fuel nozzle 2'7. A tube 28 forming communication between the chamber 26 and nozzle 27 also com- 80 municates by means of a channel 29 with an idling well 30 which has discharge openings 31 leading into the mixing passage 10 adjacent the throttle 15.

The tube 28 also has communication by means of a channel 33 with air inlet openings 34, 3 5 for permitting the admission of air to the fuel in the tube 28 so as to provide a so-called emulsion of fuel and air discharging from the main nozzle 27. The main nozzle 27 discharges mixture into a Venturi tube 38 which is positioned within a larger Venturi tube 39 and is supported by the main body of the carburetor by means of a tubular arm 40. The purpose of the Venturi tubes is to provide a substantial increased veloc- 95 ity of air passing through the carburetor in order to increase the suction acting to take up fuel from the main nozzle 27.

The carburetor of my invention embodies a means for admitting an additional quantity of fuel into the mixing passage 10 whenever the throttle 15 is opened rapidly to accelerate the engine. Referring more particularly to Figures 3 to 6 inclusive, the accelerating means forming a part of my invention comprises a vertically positioned cylindrical chamber having a communicating passageway 51 with the float bowl 16, said chamber 50 being equipped with a plung er 52, the plunger rod 53 thereof being connected y means of a link 54 to an arm 55 connected to the throttle valve 15, the arrangement being such that movement of the throttle valve causes a reciprocation in the pump plunger 52.

The wall of the piston 52 is provided with a cut away portion '71 to permit the entrance of the fuel into the chamber. The piston plunger 52 is provided with openings 73 and a disc valve 74, these parts being arranged so that fuel above the piston may normally flow through the openings 73 and pass the disc valve '74 to fill the lower part of the piston chamber with fuel. The lower end of the cylinder 50 is connected by means of a channel 57 to a chamber 58 positioned substantially parallel with the pumping chamber 50 and within which is slidably positioned a barrel shaped weight 60. The lower end of the chamber 58 is provided with a boss 61 forming a valve ,seat adapted to be engaged by the weight to normally prevent the flow of fuel from pump chamber 50 to the chamber 58. The chamber 58 is connected to a small nozzle 62 positioned immediately adjacent the upper portion of the small venturi 38 by means of a series of intercommunicating channels 64, and 66, particularly illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.

The barrel shaped weight 60 is provided with a passageway 68, the lower end of which normally communicates with the passageway 64 so that during normal operation of the carburetor, air is admitted through an opening 69 in the cap '70 enclosing the piston chamber, the air travelling through a passage 72, through cylinder 58 and passageways 68, 64, 65 and 66 to the supplementary discharge nozzle 62.

In the operation of the form of my device hereinbefore described, when the throttle valve is closed or in the position shown in Figure 1, the plunger 52 is in the position shown in Figure 4. In this position fuel flows by gravity from the float chamber 16 throughpassageway 51 into the piston chamber above the piston. When the throttle 15 is opened suddenly for the purpose of accelerating the engine, the plunger or piston .52being connected to the throttle operating mechanism, is moved downwardly which movement causes the valve disc '74 to close the opening 1 73 in the piston, thus forcing the fuel through passageway57 and into the chamber 58 below the barrel shaped weight 60. As the weight 60 snugly fits the walls of the chamber 58, the inrush of fuel elevates the weight in proportion to the depression of the piston 52, i. e., in pro-. 1 portion to the amount of movement of the throttle 15.

It will be noted that the movement of the pump plunger 52 does not directly extrude fiuid to the discharge nozzle 62, this function being performed by the weight 60 which is lowered by the force of gravity, thus extruding fuel through the intercommunicating passageways 64, 65 and 66, thence through the nozzle 62 and into the mixing chamber. Thus it will be seen that for accelerating purposes an additional supply of fuel is admitted to the mixing chamber to supplement the fuel taken from the main nozzle 2'7. If the throttle is immediately closed, the weight 60 will merely force the fuel in a reverse direction through the passageway 57 and to the pump plunger 50 which momentarily eliminates the discharge of fuel through the nozzle 62. It should I be noted that the weight 60 normally closes the entrance of the passageway 57 so that under normal conditions no fuel will flow into the chamber 58. In the event that fuel should leak and pass the weight 60 so that there would be an appreciable amount of fuel above the weight when the latter is elevated by opening the throttle, the fuel above the weight would flow back through the passageway 72 into the pump chamber 50 and would not be extruded through the passageways to the nozzle 62.

In the modification shown in Figure 5, another method of cutting off the fuel flow to the nozzle 62 with the weight in its normal or lowest position comprises a cone shaped projection 81 formed upon the lower face of the weight which is adapted for snug engagement with a similarly shaped member 82. The advantage of this type of valve is that it forms an efiicient seal to prevent the leakage of fuel.

In the modified form of the invention shown in Figure 6, the gravity operated weight 60 is positioned in the pump chamber 50 above the plunger 52 of the piston. This construction eliminates the necessity of a separate chamber for the weight 60. It should be noted in this form of device that the fuel from the chamber 16' will flow through the passageway 51 and pass the valve disc 67' filling the piston chamber 50 to the fuel level in the chamber 16. The piston plunger 52' is provided with openings '73 to permit the flow of fuel therethrough.

In the operation of this form of device, assuming that fuel fills the piston chamber 50', the sudden opening of the carburetorthrottle connected to the piston 52' through the medium of the rod 53' causes the latter to be depressed, the fluid in the lower part of the chamber 50' passing through the opening 73 in the piston so as to provide a quantity of fuel between the weight 60' and the piston 52'. Obviously the piston 52 does not move an appreciable quantity of fuel into the passageways 64', 65' and 66' because of the openings '73.- The weight 60, however, is immediately lowered by gravity, thus gradually forcing the fuel through the above mentioned passages extruding the same through the nozzle opening 62 in the same manner as has been hereinbefore describd with respect to the operation of the device illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.

When the weight 60' drops to 'a point where it is again in engagement with the piston 52', the extrusion of fuel through the nozzle 62' ceases. When the piston is again moved upwardly, fuel fiows. from the chamber 16' through the passage 51', again recharging the chamber 50' with fuel.

Should any fuel leak past the weight 60 an upward movement of the piston 52' would cause any'fiuid above the weight to flow back into the chamber 16' by way of the passage 83. In order to prevent the bleeding of fuel from the lower part of the piston 52' through the several passages and from the nozzle 62' at high engine speeds, a communicating passageway '75 is pro vided leading from the upper end of the passage 64' into the upper portion of the piston chamber 1 50' and has a restriction '76 therein. The pur.-,

pose of this arrangement is to admit some from above the fuel in chamber 16' to pass till invention modifications and different arrangements may be made other than is herein disclosed, and the present disclosure is illustrative merely, the invention comprehending all variations thereof.

What I claim is;

1. in a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a venturi in said passage; a tubular arm supporting said venturi; a main nozzle in said mixing passage; means for supplying air 'to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; a supplemental fuel discharge orifice; a fuel chamber; a plunger in said chamber connected to said throttle; said tubular arm forming a connecting passageway between said fuel chamber and said discharge orifice; and means including a weight for gradually discharging fuel from said orifice upon downward movement of said plunger.

2. in a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a venturi in said passage; a tubular arm supporting said venturi; a main noz= zle in said mixing passage; means for supplying air to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; a supplemental fuel discharge orifice adjacent said venturi; a cham her; a weight in said chamber; pumping means for intermittently introducing fuel into said chamber; means including said tubular arm for connecting said orifice and said chamber, said weight acting solely by gravity to discharge fuel gradually from said supplemental orifice.

3. In a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a venturi in said mixing passage; a main nozzle therein; means for supplying air to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; means for delivering a supplemental supply of fuel to said mixing passage comprising an auxiliary fuel discharge adjacent said venturi; a fuel supply chamber; an auxiliary chamber'adjacent to said fuel supply chamber; a plunger operating in said auxiliary chamber; a communicating passage between said chambers; a valve in said passage responsive to the move-=- ment of said plunger; and means including a Weight for gradually discharging fuel from said auxiliary discharge upon movement of said plunger.

1-. In a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a main nozzle therein; means for supplying air to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; a supplemental fuel discharge orifice; a pair of juxtaposed fuel receiving chambers; a weight in one of said chambers; a plunger in the other of said chambers; a passage connecting said chambers where by movement of said plunger transfers fuel from the plunger chamber to the weight chamber, said weight acting to discharge fuel gradually from said supplemental discharge orifice.

5. In a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a main nozzle therein; means for supplying air to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; an auxiliary fuel discharge nozzle; a chamber adapted to receive fuel; a plunger in said chamber; means carried by said plunger permitting fuel to flow in one direction therethrough and restricting the how in the opposite direction; a weight; and means whereby movement of said plunger causes the weight to discharge fuel from said auxiliary nozzle into said mixing passage.

6. In a carbureting device, in combination, a mixing passage; a main nozzle therein; means for supplying air to said mixing passage; means for supplying fuel to said main nozzle; an auxiliary-fuel. discharge nozzle; a chamber adapted to receive fuel; a plunger in said chamber; means carried by said plunger permitting fuel to flow in one direction therethrough and restricting the flow in the opposite direction; a weight; and means whereby movement of said plunger causes the weight to discharge fuel from said auxiliary nozzle into said mixing passage; and means for admitting air from the atmosphere to said chamher.

7. In a carbureter, a mixture passage, a throttle, an accelerating fuel pump operated by movement of the throttle, an accumulator chamber storing fuel delivered by the pump, a discharge outlet from said accumulator chamber to the mixture passage'of the carbureter, means for producing a forced delivery from said chamber,

and means for preventing the flow of fuel through said accumulator to the mixture passage when the accumulator is substantially empty.

8. An accelerating pump for carburetors comprising a pump cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, an accumulator chamber, a fuel delivery passage from said pump cylinder to said chambit iii!) Ililil her, a free piston in said accumulator chamber adapted to have energy stored therein by being elevated by the delivery of fuel to said chamber, and a discharge outlet from said chamber to the carbureter passages.

9. In a carbureter a double chamber accelerating fuel pump, .one chamber forming a pump and the other a hydraulic accumulator, means for supplying fuel to said fuel pump, means for transferring the pumped fuel to said accumulator, means for imposing a load on the surface of fuel in said accumulator and means for delivering fuel from the accumulator to the carbureter passages, and means for normally closing said last mentioned delivery means, when the accumulator is substantially empty.

- WILLIAM W. JACKMAN.

Mill 

